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Complete your application – Enter the rest of the information required for the IC Postdoc Program Research Opportunity. The application itself contains detailed instructions for each one of these components: availability, citizenship, transcripts, dissertation abstract, publication and presentation plan, and information about your Research Advisor co-applicant.
Additional information about the IC Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program is available on the program website located at: https://orise.orau.gov/icpostdoc/index.html.
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Research Topic Description, including Problem Statement:
Individuals and organizations often disagree in good faith. These disagreements can arise from different evidence, different probabilities assigned to that evidence, different evaluations of the importance of that evidence in the reasoning, and even in the methods for reasoning. Previous research has shown that visualizing (mapping) an argument can deepen understanding of the issues and help people who disagree reach a correct common understanding. But that research has focused on relatively simple arguments about hypothetical situations in which the subjects are not personally vested intellectually or emotionally. This research will explore ways to use similar approaches to complex, real-life reasoning, where subjects often are personally vested.
Research should include developing collaborative, easy-to-use software and techniques to visualize the logical structure of complex real-life arguments. Despite the arguments’ complexity, the visualizations should be intuitive enough that people will understand them relatively easily and will find them helpful, even illuminating. Visualizations that only a highly trained person can understand are of little interest to this program. To achieve the requisite simplicity, the techniques should help people focus on key contested assumptions, explicit or implicit. The techniques for producing the visualizations may be automated. If not, then the process should be intuitive and easy to learn.
Since many disagreements come from differing estimates of the initial conditions (for example, different prior probabilities), the visualizations should make clear the (subjective) probabilities of key claims and of likelihoods/likelihood ratios, and any underlying arguments for those probabilities.
Example Approaches:
Relevance to the Intelligence Community:
Analyzing and resolving disagreements among IC analysts or Government agencies.
Analyzing and resolving disagreements where one or both reports are obtained from open-source reporting.
Probabilistic visualization of the analyst’s argument can prompt analysts to explore elements that are not sufficiently supported and to consider alternatives, even alternative conclusions.
References:
Key Words: Argument Mapping, Bayes Mapping, Dialogue Mapping, Argument Visualization, Enthymeme, Pragmatics of Reasoning, Tacit Knowledge, Human-Computer Interaction, Collaborative Software
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